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《江苏水利》[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2026年09期

页码:

6-13

栏目:

水利规划与设计

出版日期:

2026-09-11

文章信息/Info

Title:

Experimental study on the anisotropic unloading mechanical characteristics of hydraulic concrete under physicochemical deterioration in the Haikou Hub of the Huaihe River Estuary Waterway

文章编号:

1007-7839（2026）05-0006-0008

作者:

王紫阳

（南水北调东线江苏水源有限责任公司项目管理分公司，江苏 南京 210019）

Author(s):

WANG Ziyang

（Project Management Branch of the Eastern Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Jiangsu Water Resource Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China）

关键词:

水工混凝土; 物化劣化; 不等轴卸荷; 力学特性; 分形维数

Keywords:

hydraulic concrete;  physicochemical deterioration;  anisotropic unloading;  mechanical properties;  fractal dimension

分类号:

TV431

文献标志码:

B

摘要:

为揭示滨海潮汐环境下水工混凝土在物理-化学耦合劣化与不等轴卸荷作用下的力学响应规律，以淮河入海水道海口枢纽水工混凝土为研究对象，采用三轴伺服力学系统开展不等轴卸荷试验，模拟干湿循环、硫酸盐侵蚀劣化工况，结合场发射扫描电镜与分形维数定量表征，系统分析劣化参数对混凝土卸荷力学特性、破坏模式及微观结构演化的影响。结果表明：干湿循环仅渐进削弱混凝土承载能力，不改变卸荷破坏路径，15 MPa围压下干湿40次峰值应力降幅达24.1%；硫酸盐侵蚀存在250 mg/L质量浓度阈值与28d浸泡劣化临界点，超出阈值后力学性能急剧衰减，5 MPa围压下450 mg/L质量浓度峰值应力降幅达25.2%，高围压可显著缓解化学侵蚀损伤；围压是控制卸荷行为的核心因素，试样断面分形维数介于1.0~3.5，可定量表征微观破坏无序程度。物理、化学劣化从微观结构损伤引发宏观力学衰减，研究成果可为滨海水工混凝土结构耐久性设计与病害防控提供试验支撑。

Abstract:

To reveal the mechanical response laws of hydraulic concrete under physicochemical coupled deterioration and anisotropic unloading in a tidal environment, this study takes the hydraulic concrete of the Haikou Hub of the Huaihe River Estuary Waterway as the research object. A triaxial servo mechanical system was employed to conduct anisotropic unloading tests, simulating wet-dry cycles and sulfate erosion deterioration conditions. Combined with field emission scanning electron microscopy and fractal dimension quantitative characterization, the influence of deterioration parameters on the unloading mechanical properties, failure modes, and microstructure evolution of concrete was systematically analyzed. The test results indicate that wet-dry cycles progressively weaken the load-bearing capacity of concrete without altering the unloading failure path, with a peak stress reduction of 24.1% after 40 cycles under 15 MPa confining pressure. Sulfate erosion exhibits a 250 mg/L concentration threshold and a 28-day immersion deterioration critical point, beyond which mechanical properties rapidly degrade. Under 5 MPa confining pressure, a 450 mg/L concentration leads to a peak stress reduction of 25.2%, while higher confining pressure significantly mitigates chemical erosion damage. Confining pressure is the core factor controlling unloading behavior, with specimen fracture surface fractal dimensions ranging from 1.0 to 3.5, enabling quantitative characterization of micro-scale damage disorder. Physical and chemical deterioration induce macroscopic mechanical decay through microstructure damage, and the findings provide experimental support for the durability design and deterioration prevention of marine hydraulic concrete structures.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期：2026-06-08
作者简介：王紫阳（1991—），男，工程师，硕士，主要从事水利泵站施工建设管理工作。E-mail: fpiw6043@outlook.com

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-09-01